Wednesday, March 18, 2020
Writing (EBRW) Score
What's a Good SAT Math or Reading/Writing (EBRW) Score SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In this article, weââ¬â¢ll go over how to calculate target SAT Math, Reading, and Writing scores, as well as why you might want to do this. Why Calculate Target Scores? Target scores are useful to calculate because they help you set realistic goals that are based on schools youââ¬â¢ll be applying to, rather than on some arbitrary standard that has no real justification behind it. By creating concrete, results-oriented scores to aim for, youââ¬â¢ll not only increase your chances of a successful outcome (getting into the schools you want), but, since the relationship between the scores and acceptance at colleges you wish to attend is so linear, you might even be more motivated to study to reach these goals. The steps you'll follow for finding your target SAT Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing scores are similar to what you'd do to find your overall SAT target score. If you haven't done this already, stop now and read our article on what makes a good, bad, or excellent SAT score, then come back; it's far more important to calculate your overall target SAT score than it is to calculate individual section scores. Step 1: Download These Worksheets To mathematically determine the target Math and EBRW scores you should be aiming for, we'll be filling out two worksheets for all the schools you're interested in. Click here to download the Math and EBRW score target worksheets, or click the images below: Step 2: Fill In the Schools You Want to Get Into In the leftmost column of the sheet, write down the names of colleges you want to attend. These might be schools that you already know you want to apply to, including your dream or "reach" schools; however, don't include safety schools (schools that you're 90% sure that you're going to get accepted to). If you're not sure yet what schools you want to apply to, go ahead and put down any schools you've heard of, or schools that your friends are interested in. We do recommend, however, that you research the schools before calculating your target score, though, so you'll get a sense of what scores you'll need to get into the schools you're interested in and if they're realistic for you given other factors like your high school GPA. Step 3: For Each School, Google "[Name of School] PrepScholar" For example, if I'm interested in University of Michigan, I'll do the following search: Most schools will have a PrepScholar.com link, as shown above. If you don't find one, try using the National Center for Education Statistic's IPEDS Data Center to look up the school's Admissions and Test Scores information; the data will be older but will still be official. Alternatively, try searching "[name of school] average sat scores" to see if the scores are listed on the official school website (although many schools do not report individual section scores on their websites). Use either of these methods to double-check your numbers. Our PrepScholar.com page lists the 25th/75th percentile scores for current University of Michigan students. We currently have hard data only for the old, out-of-2400 SAT (although we use these numbers to then estimate the equivalent out-of-1600 SAT) - when colleges release their student data for the new 1600 SAT, we'll update these pages. A refresher on what we mean when we talk about percentile scores: 25th percentile scores mean that 25% of students attending that school have at or below that score (this score is below average). The 75th percentile score means that 75% of students have a score at or below that number (making this score above average). In effect, the middle 50% of all students admitted to a school will have SAT scores between the 25th and 75th percentiles. If you score at the 75th percentile for a school, you have a great chance of getting in. If you're at the 25th percentile, you'll have to rely on some other part of your application to impress them (or retake the SAT to get your score more in line with the middle 50 percent of students admitted). For the University of Michigan, the old SAT 25th percentile scores were 660 for Math, 620 for Reading, and 630 for Writing, while the 75th percentile scores were 760 for Math, 720 for Reading, and 730 for Writing. Step 3a: Calculate the New SAT Score out of 800 for Math and EBRW Because you'll be taking the new 1600 SAT, you'll need to convert any old scores from the out-of-2400 SAT into new SAT scores in the rightmost column of the worksheets. This is particularly important for converting old Reading and Writing scores (which, when combined, were on a scale of 400-1600) to the new SAT Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score (on a scale of 200-800). Use our updated converter tool, which is based on official concordance tables from the College Board, to determine 75th percentile scores for the new SAT. For the University of Michigan, this tool gives a new SAT Math score of 690 and EBRW score of 680. Step 4: Calculate Your Final Target SAT Section Scores Finally, take the average of all the percentile columns. In general, we recommend using the 75th percentile score as your target, because itââ¬â¢ll give you the greatest chance of acceptance (as compared shooting for the 25th percentile or even the "average" score). However, just because you score at the 75th percentile doesnââ¬â¢t mean that you have a 75% chance of acceptance at any given school. The baseline acceptance rate for the school also affects the target score you choose. If a school's acceptance rate is low (20%), then youââ¬â¢ll want to aim for a score even higher than the 75th percentile score for a fixed likelihood of getting in. If the acceptance rate is higher, then you can aim for a lower percentile score (since increasing your SAT score is likely to only have a marginal effect on your acceptance rate). 150531-D-DB155-001/used under CC BY 2.0. Find your target score and aim for it with all your might. Bonus: Looking for the very best guides to every SAT section? Check out our top guides for every single section of the SAT. Choose the score level you're aiming for: 800 Score Guides: SAT Reading | SAT Writing | SAT Math | SAT Essay Choose these guides if you're scoring a 600 or above on a section, and you want to get the highest SAT score possible. 600 Score Guides: SAT Reading | SAT Writing | SAT Math | SAT Essay Choose these guides if you're scoring below a 600 on a section, and you want to boost your score to at least a 600 level. These are the very best guides available on boosting your SAT score, section by section. They're written by Harvard grads and perfect SAT scorers. Don't disappoint yourself - read these guides and improve your score today. When Do Section Scores Matter? Most of the time, hitting specific section score targets isnââ¬â¢t as important as making sure your overall SAT score is good; whether that high total score comes from a 680 on Math and a 780 on Evidence-Based Reading and Writing or a 780 on Math and a 680 on EBRW is usually a moot point. There are two types of schools, however, for which individual section scores become more important: engineering programs and liberal arts colleges. For engineering schools and programs, a high SAT Math score (above a 700) is imperative; for the most competitive engineering programs, youââ¬â¢ll be at a severe disadvantage if you donââ¬â¢t get 770 or above on SAT Math. Even a perfect 800 wonââ¬â¢t guarantee you admission, but getting a SAT Math score below a 750 lowers your odds dramatically at schools like MIT. On the other hand, you can get away with a (relatively) low Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score (a 720 EBRW score still puts you in the middle 50 percent of students at MIT). Liberal arts schools, by contrast, prefer to see relatively equal section scores. That doesn't mean that you have to get exactly the same score on Math and EBRW, but it does mean that you'd have a better chance of getting into most liberal arts schools with two medium-high section scores (e.g. 700 Math, 690 EBRW) than with one high and one low score (e.g. 590 Math, 800 EBRW). Some of these schools may even go down to the Reading and Writing subscore level when it comes to evenness, although with the new combined Evidence-Based Reading and Writing score the odds of this happening are lower than with the old SAT (where students received out-of-800 scores for both Critical Reading and Writing). A good strategy if youââ¬â¢re applying to a mixed set of schools (some engineering, some liberal arts, and some that fit into neither category) is to create multiple different target scores sheets; if you take the SAT multiple times and get mixed results, the different sheets will help you determine which scores to send to schools that don't superscore. For instance, if you take the SAT twice and get 730 Math/780 EBRW and 790 Math/610 EBRW, you'd want to send the first score to liberal arts schools (who don't superscore) and the second score to engineering schools (who don't superscore); if the schools do superscore, you'd want to send both the scores to get the 790 Math/780 EBRW combo. Optimal/used under CC BY 2.0. Optimize your SAT score through superscoring like a superhero! Whatââ¬â¢s Next? What does it mean to score in the top percentiles on the SAT? Get an in-depth look at SAT score percentiles here, or read about the difference between the SAT User Percentile and the Nationally Representative Sample Percentile on ExpertHub. A high SAT Math score is a good start, but what else is required for engineering programs? Find out what it takes to get into a great engineering school here. Want to figure out what your overall SAT score should look like? Learn to distinguish between excellent, good, and bad SAT scores here. Want to learn more about the SAT but tired of reading blog articles? Then you'll love our free, SAT prep livestreams. Designed and led by PrepScholar SAT experts, these live video events are a great resource for students and parents looking to learn more about the SAT and SAT prep. Click on the button below to register for one of our livestreams today!
Sunday, March 1, 2020
8 Powerful Reasons Why Nursing Isnt for Everyone
8 Powerful Reasons Why Nursing Isnt for Everyone Nurses are so often taken for granted as ââ¬Å"justâ⬠the people assisting the real doctors in their work. But nursing is actually an incredibly difficult and taxing job, one filled with quiet heroes. Here are just 8à of the many reasons why nursing attracts the toughest and most dedicated people to the profession. 1. Itââ¬â¢s a matter of life and death.As a nurse, you literally (and routinely) hold peopleââ¬â¢s lives in your hands. How many other jobs have that same awesome responsibility?2. You need endless knowledge.There are so very many medical terms you must be familiar with to be a nurse. And itââ¬â¢s not just the terminology. You also have to hold an enormous amount of information in your head, or risk dangerous consequences: doctorsââ¬â¢ orders, patients vitals and other data, etc. You also have to keep up with trends, do continuing education, and push yourself to keep learning so you donââ¬â¢t fall behind the cutting edge.3.à You are surrounded by p eople in their lowest moments.Itââ¬â¢s unbelievably difficult to watch another human being suffer- let alone pass away. You may think nurses get used to both these things; they donââ¬â¢t. They become very adept at doing their job in the face of suffering and loss, but that doesnââ¬â¢t mean a nurse isnââ¬â¢t affected.4. You come last.As a nurse, you have to put almost everyoneââ¬â¢s needs before your own: doctors, patients, even putting your job ahead of your family time when your schedule requires. You have to smile, be endlessly patient, be empathetic, but take care not to get too attached. You might even have to eat breakfast while commuting- because it might just be the only meal you get all day.5. You donââ¬â¢t get paid enough.Even though nursing is a field in which itââ¬â¢s always possible to take on extra shifts or opportunities, you probably are not getting compensated at a truly fair rate for all you do. You donââ¬â¢t get holidays. You miss out on lot s of your family and social life opportunities, particularly when things run late or youââ¬â¢re on call. A lot of hospitals are also now cutting back on hiring and instead having their nurses work extra overtime. It can be pretty thankless!6.à You rarely get the respect you deserve.As a nurse, particularly since itââ¬â¢s a predominantly female profession, you get less respect than you deserve. Nursing is constantly devalued compared to more predominantly male professions. You do a huge share of the work in the care situation, and get almost none of the credit. And you have to be caring and compassionate in the face of occasional maltreatment, disrespect, and outright rudeness.7.à Itââ¬â¢s very strenuous.The taxing hours worked, the being on your feet constantly, all these things add up to being sore and tired almost all of the time. Nurses also do a huge amount of heavy lifting and often develop back problems.8. Everyoneââ¬â¢s a patient.As a nurse, youââ¬â¢re guar anteed to be bombarded with texts and photos of all your friendsââ¬â¢ and familyââ¬â¢s ailments asking you for free medical advice. It will be difficult to figure out where to draw the line in your off hours.Donââ¬â¢t be discouraged, though- nursing is a profession that needs heroes, and if youââ¬â¢re drawn to it, you can change lives. The good outweighs the bad, if youââ¬â¢re willing to muddle through it to get to the rewarding parts!
Friday, February 14, 2020
Law in a changing society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Law in a changing society - Essay Example This can be put forward as an ideal solution to solve legal issues. Parties involved in the process, therefore, take it upon themselves to conduct a thorough and conclusive investigation on which they will base their argument during the trial process. Whereas, this has always been an ideal solution there are factors that should be considered. The assumption made by the legal system that all parties involved in a case have equal resources to carry out investigation may not always be correct (Parkinson 2009, p.46). The system is, therefore, likely to lock out necessary evidence on account of insufficient resources to provide this evidence. The system further fails to recognize parties that may be disadvantaged by factors such as disability and race. The law governing residential tenancies in Australia does not include boarders and lodgers. This means that when faced with a legal challenge, they can only seek justice in the Supreme Court. At the Supreme Court, they will have to argue their case through the traditional adversarial process. The cost of filing a case currently is $894. This considered, the process becomes too expensive for a person who wanted to seek justice. Over the last 30 years, the Australian legal system has sought to adopt some of the aspects of the inquisitorial system. In the section of anti-discrimination law, the Australian law now provides that there should be an investigation by an independent body. This can be done before the disputing parties get brought together to solve their disputes (Parkinson 2009, p.48). The law can be seen to have adopted some of the aspects of the inquisitorial law in the western countries. At the state and territory level, the law provides that the decision making body for allegations of discrimination should be a tribunal. The tribunal looks for evidence that is relevant to the case. The tribunal manages to go beyond the evidence
Saturday, February 1, 2020
The four basic management strategies to compete internationally Essay
The four basic management strategies to compete internationally - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that marketers have to find ways and means to identify continuous demand and match the demands with the products and services which they are best at the offering. If the demand has saturated then marketers need to identify unmet needs and demand and create demand. In fact, marketing opportunity is being able to identify unmet needs or create new demand. The globe presents a plethora of new markets with a host of unmet needs and demands and hence implying a host of opportunities. Globalizing an organizationââ¬â¢s operations can be generalized by saying that an organization seeks to enter new markets. Yet entering new markets means committing the limited resources required to produce a targeted return on the investment which could have been put to other marketing decisions each having their own return on investments, or we may also say that globalization has its opportunity cost. Thus organizations usually decide to globalize their operati ons when they foresee a sufficient profitability in assigning their limited resources to foreign market(s) higher than the expected rate of return from other marketing decisions. Ansoffââ¬â¢s grid clearly juxtaposes the decision to enter new markets with other marketing decisions. The strategies which an organization adopts to compete globally depends on many factors such as: Its objectives, competitiveness, resources, products, and services. The attractiveness of the foreign market. The cost of entering the market.
Friday, January 24, 2020
Essay --
Boiling point, similarly to melting point, depends on the strength of forces between the particles that make up the element. When a substance boils, most of the remaining attraction forces are broken, the particles can then move freely and farther apart. The stronger that the attraction force is the more energy that is needed to overcome them and increase the boiling point. Boiling points vary in a regular way or pattern depending on their position in the periodic table. The general periodic trend is that the boiling point increases to the middle of the d block, and then decrease to the Noble Gases. The highest melting point is apparent in the middle of the transition metals because of the electron ââ¬â electron repulsion. This is due to the fact that the transition metals have metallic bonding, which is a very strong bond; therefore a lot of energy is required to break them. Due to a lot of energy being needed, the boiling point is then higher.. The smallest amount of electron à ¢â¬â electron repulsion can be found in the middle of block d. This repulsion causes the element to be less stable, thus allowing it be easier to break apart, which then results in a lower boiling point. Boiling points generally increase going from sodium to aluminum, then decrease to argon, with a minor bump at Sulfur. There is no simple way to identify the trend for boiling points when going down a column. Some groups increase when going down a column, while some decrease, and others have no trend. This is because boiling point increase when electron ââ¬â electron repulsion decreases. Since electron ââ¬â electron repulsion decreases going down columns on the periodic table, it can be expected that the boiling point would increase, which does not always occur. This in... ...itrogen? Than Bromine? Why Is Hydrogen so Weird? :. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014. "Atomic and Ionic Radius." Atomic and Ionic Radius. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014. "Atomic Radius of the Elements." Atomic Radius for All the Elements in the Periodic Table. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Jan. 2014. "Chemical Elements Listed by Density." The Chemical Elements of the Periodic Table Sorted by Density. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014. "Chemistry Lesson 1 Instruction, Page 5." Chemistry Lesson 1 Instruction, Page 5. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Jan. 2014. "Electronegativity." Electronegativity. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2014. "Ionization Energy and Electron Affinity." Ionization Energy and Electron Affinity. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Jan. 2014. "Periodic Table Trends." Periodic Table Trends. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. "Seaborgium." WebElements Periodic Table of the Elements. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Slave Trade
History Hon. Document Based Question Essay For years people have blamed Europeans of the Early Modern Period for slavery, when truly it was not. At the very beginning of it all, lies the African businessman of the Early Modern Period. He just wants to make money, even if that means selling his own kind. That is the part people in history today forget, that Africans were sold by their own blood. Europeans during this time weââ¬â¢re searching for wealth; gold, silver, cotton, tobacco, etc. What they lacked was the workforce to harvest all these items.The government or Gobroon Dynasty, our businessmen, seized the opportunity that was in front of them. Essentially, the Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa really boomed between 1650 and 1850 when the demand for slaves seemed to increase daily, according the Journal of African History. Acquiring slaves had gone from peaceful and civilized to aggressive and militarized. As stated in the Cambridge University press in 2000, society had f ound it acceptable to raid for supplies that could be used to buy slaves and slaves only.The blame for Slavery can be placed on the natural human desire for wealth and power, which is essentially greed. When a human has the desire for wealth, they will try to obtain it by any means necessary. Even if a human has to sell their own flesh and blood, the only thing that matters is wealth. The participation of Africans in slave trade was voluntary; Europeans could have gotten their slaves from China or India or Mexico or anywhere else with an abundant workforce. In compliance with the Cambridge University Press in 1992, Europeans did not force the African leaders to sell slaves; they made that choice on their own.The mainstream view of slavery is what went on in the plantations of southern America, what usually does not get as much attention is what the Africans went through before they set foot on the boat. More than often, the enslaved Africans would spend an average of 11 weeks aboard the ship before living the inhumane life of a slave for the rest of their existence, according to The Cost of Coercion: African Agency in the Pre-Modern Atlantic World written by Stephen D. Behrendt, David Eltis and David Richardson. That point of the process is crucial in determining how the slave would be treated during the trip and on the plantation.For example, if a slave was to lead a revolt while sailing aboard the ship, the slave trader could make sure that when the time comes to sell the leader of the revolt, he would be sold to a very cruel master. In accordance to recent articles, views of the Atlantic Slave Trade in Western Africa are starting to shift toward the very root of the industry. People are not so much looking at what happened in the United States of America but mostly at things up until that point. After reviewing all the articles, I can see how important what happened before the boat ride is important.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
Literature Review of Perception of the McDonalds Brand - Free Essay Example
Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1921 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Porters (1980) strategic positioning representation make upon the hypothesis that five forces conclude industry attractiveness. Three of which symbolize the straight competitive affair, specifically the competitive among challenging firms, the risk of new rivals and also that of substitutes. The remaining forces denote the companys vertical connections with factors outside the organisation, such a purchasing party and supplying partys authority. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Literature Review of Perception of the McDonalds Brand" essay for you Create order An interesting feature of the five forces model is that industry formation, during the use of it for strategy preparation at the firm level, is seen endogenous to a great extent. This represents having a shared relation between industry configuration and firm activities. Entry barriers does not associate from a given industry strategy but may be encouraged or challenged by rival companies. In this manner, the five forces can be observed as the opportunities as well as threats featuring in a predictive SWOT examination by the company (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) (Porter,1980). A resource-driven perception has quite often been carried out for the purpose of industry strategy examination and evaluation based on networking, marketing, and precise manner of diffusing and sharing technological skills and machinery. Such, dynamic capabilities effects the firms capability of responding efficiently, based of firms inside strengths and weaknesses, over outside oppor tunities and threats. Such dynamic capabilities also include specific strengths of the firm to face the shifting nature of the competitive market. More precisely, such approaches concentrate much on key responsibilities of strategic management in suitably forming, amalgamating and re-establishing firms positive features towards shifting market conditions (Doole and Lowe,2008). McDonalds established positive aspects had been dual folded. Firstly, its supplier connections were significant. McDonalds acted in a flagship competence for a good networking with providers of intermediary productivity. Secondly, McDonald had accumulated positive consistency in its supply and distribution process, which was significant to customer loyalty in its fast food chain business. Despite of its affective environmental reputation, McDonalds takes the environmental challenge as an opportunity to build up a competitive environmental position. The main objective of McDonalds is developing a dynamic position which would make environmental act as a continuing concern in the industry covering all the activities of the company. The appealing characteristic of McDonald is that it desired to change its usual networks with the market by forming environmental apprehension into the whole significance chain but was expected that it would be only able to make it through a new networks with normal societal environment which did not even want to be economically compensated for its sustainability to such strategies. McDonalds observed the usage of the non-market fundamentals as a device in improving the image and quality of its distribution system. For instance, McDonalds enormously increased the recycled parts of its boxes supplied by the suppliers and developed a market for the recycled items collected by its own outlets. Its objective was eventually for creating a first delivery service benefit in comparison with rivals as a result of a advantaged network with non-market drives. More par ticularly, McDonalds innovative dynamic ability in dealing with environmental concern had a threefold base encouraged by Environmental Defence Fund where environmental problems had to be observed as significant in all of McDonalds supply chain performance. All solutions to apparent difficulties had to be increasing and opposing to other methods; environmental accomplishment had to turn into an ongoing concern on an average with more conformist business perform (Vignali,2001). Finally, with regard to McDonalds international competitive strategy, the environmental managing aspect was U.S. motivated but the vital objective was to enhance this localised potential so that it can become worldwide functional. Hence, the difference between a localised ability of a company when compared to an internationally flexible one is considerable, because only the latter can be diffused through out boundaries. The joint expansion of mutually localised and internationally flexible abilities certainl y signifies one of the main challenges being faced by MNCs like McDonalds. (Winter,2003). McDonalds competitive advantage is basically based on utilising resources in the best possible way. Competitive advantage can be attained through various strategies such as innovative ideas, whole value chain process, persistent development, frequent investments (Baker, 2000). But Piccoli and Ives (2000) imply that chief competitive advantage can be developed by allocation and cost formation of their product and services. Brandenburg and Stuart (1996), agreed to Piccoli and Ivess theory on competitive advantage but they focused more on creating the brand value. Mata et al., (1995) further elaborated that maintaining competitive advantage is more important than its creation. Kaplan (2000) also added this point by implying that organisations must show up with a diverse product from rest of its opponents this will be supportive for McDonalds in gaining benefit in opposition and also maintain it for longer period. Porter further pointed that a company must have an expertise in a particular field and not more than one. To expertise in a single field McDonalds has to surrender focusing on other parts of the business and generate more by concentrating on a single part. Porter also suggests two behaviours such as cost control and differentiation. McDonald can use any one of such methods in attaining competitive advantage over their rivals. Along with it the companies has to update itself with current situation of the market and rival businesses in order to maintain its competitive position into the market (Porter, 1985). Baker (2000), also states that the competitive advantage is concerned with vision of the organisation and the kind of management it involved in. He also thinks that vision is vital for keeping updated about the variations and makes changes if required and leadership skills for motivating the companies to fulfil and attain the targeted goals of the organisation. Fast Food chains in United Kingdom is evaluated more than à £ 6 billion with major targeted segment of younger audiences. The standard of living of the United Kingdom is enabling growth in the fast food chain business. According to younger audience fast food chains are more suitable choice for meals because of its price, quality and service value (Keynote, 2003). According to Schlosser 2001, the expenditure on fast food products is much higher in United Kingdom as compared to other countries over the Europe. Veseth (2005), further states that the major reason of progressive performance of McDonalds is based of its brand value that it created and maintained in its entire period of product and service performance. According to Mintzberg (1994) strategy is something which is planned and implemented in response to changes in trend of environment. He stresses more on practice of strategies then on theories. Whittington 1996 is of the view that blend of practical a nd theoretical approach of strategies. He explains that idea behind implementing strategies is to create a distinct identity of the company in its industry. It helps creating brand value of the company. Kaplan is of the view that future is always unseen and uncertain and to avoid this uncertainty companies built up situations and accordingly make strategies on how to handle those situations in long term Campbell 1991 is of the view that there is no proper road map or guide line to build up a right strategy for a situation. According to him generally while making strategies companies lack in their analytical skills and their approach are not realistic in nature. A unique strategy can help an organisation to stand different from rest of its competitors. A good strategy is the one which is well thought and excellently implemented (Hamel, 1998). A good strategy can help an organisation sustain in the market for long (Barney, 1991). Kaplan 2000 shows in his findings of those organisation who have adopt customer priority approach will have to use one of the following strategies to succeed in it, which is operational excellence, product leadership. Porter is of the view that a company has to select any one of the strategies to achieve successful competitive advantage. It will have to plan accordingly and make all the process of the organisation follow one particular strategy. Porter also mentions that along with planning and implementing one right strategy the organisation also has to concentrate on production department which should be used at its optimum. The blend of these two enables performance which is up to mark. Planning is necessary for implementing a good strategy but what Mintzburg argues is that strategies which a pre planned never works well. He further explains that strategies are made on long term basis for the future planning. It implies that a strategy was made somewhere back in past for current situation were a current situation ma ybe different then expected while the strategy was made. According to him strategies should be more flexible and not fixed and rigid. Flexibility helps managers to make changes according to the situation. Markets are uncertain and so flexible strategies can help overcome uncertainties by making necessary changes in the strategy. Importance of Competition and strategies Porter defines competition as a situation aroused in an environment in which more than one individual or organisation are trying to achieve edge over each other and at the end only one survives or wins Schumpeter 1950 views competition as situation which is never stable and is unpredictable which cannot be foreseen. Henderson definition for strategy is a system which looks after internal affairs of an organisation in order to monitor and rectify external situation of the company. Barney 1991 explains that competition is created because resource such as human resource, land, fuel, finance, raw material a ll are limited in supply and to utilize these resources at optimum level companies compete. Barney 1991 further adds that a company must only use resources at optimum level but should also have a well structured strategy to succeed. From the above it can be seen that various authors have their own view about competition and strategies. Some agree to each others view and some of the views clash with each other. Companies try their best to use scare resources in best possible manner to survive and succeed in the market. It can be said that organisations have use their resources well and at the same time come up with brilliant strategies combining both together will help company to earn more profit and create a better stand in the market Porters five forces model Porters five forces model is actually used to see whether the industry is good in terms of competition. It also helps the companies to assess its industry. The above shown figure shows five forces as mentioned by porter and according to porter higher is the power of these five forces the lower will be profit of the company. Power of external forces and profit are inversely related to each other (Porter 1985). Porters theory is simple and hence it can be applied in any industry and also to any particular company which has production unit. The model was designed to better understand a particular industry in the market and to know the potential of the industry. The theory is proved to be helpful to the industry and to individual organisations. Porters Generic strategies Generic strategies is a simple method which can be applied to any company or industry irrespective of its type and its size. It fits to most the type of industries. In this model Porter has suggested three strategies to stay ahead of competitors which is namely cost leader ship, differentiation and focus. Cost leadership and differentiation are one of the main factors they can help to achieve competitive advantage. As seen above the chart is divided into 4 parts which actually 4 different option to choose from for the company according to its nature of the business and market in which it operates.
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